Underage Alcohol At A Young Age The Peak Of Growth And...

A person’s teenage years mark the peak of growth and self-discovery. Adolescences are still figuring out the world around them. Newly founded freedoms open the gateway to test new boundaries. Because of this, most teens turn to experimentation with drugs or alcohol out of curiosity and when looking for a new way to have fun. Just think, teenagers are too old for games and too young for adult activities and responsibilities. Slurring words or acting in an altered way can provide entertainment for many teens. According to the Teen Rehab Center, 68% of high school seniors have tried alcohol at some point (â€Å"Drug†). Drinking alcohol at a young age can be detrimental. For example, those who start drinking alcohol before the age of 15 are six†¦show more content†¦For example, lifelong brain issues can be caused, such as memory problems and slower thinking (â€Å"Drug†). In addition, drinking at a young age leads to binge drinking as a young adult (Sack). D rug and alcohol consumption of teenagers is an issue that should not be ignored. Moreover, it is important to realize the harms and consequences of substance abuse in order to deter teenagers away from experimentation. Efforts such as education of the effects, involvement in physical activities, and showing support can all help teens steer away from harmful substances. If teens do not know the risk of different types of substances, then they will continue to experiment without knowing the negative effects. It is a commonality that teens experiment with drugs, and with support, activity, and education, teens can be persuaded to not experiment with drugs. The first step to prevent teens from experimenting is by showing support. Family support is especially crucial. If a teenager has a good relationship with their parents or siblings, they are less stressed and have lower insecurity. Therefore, they are less likely to experiment with drugs or alcohol. Another important form of support is to help those on the cusp of peer pressure. Spreading awareness of the harms of drugs and alcohol consumption at an early age is an important deterrent. Also, parents should come up with a plan for their child when confronted with substances. For example, instead ofShow MoreRelatedStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesWork–Life Conflicts 21 †¢ Creating a Positive Work Environment 22 †¢ Improving Ethical Behavior 22 Coming Attractions: Developing an OB Model 23 An Overview 23 †¢ Inputs 24 †¢ Processes 25 †¢ Outcomes 25 Summ ary and Implications for Managers 30 S A L Self-Assessment Library How Much Do I Know About Organizational Behavior? 4 Myth or Science? â€Å"Most Acts of Workplace Bullying Are Men Attacking Women† 12 An Ethical Choice Can You Learn from Failure? 24 glOBalization! Does National Culture Affect Organizational

Consumption of Energy Drinks - 521 Words

Consumption of Energy Drinks Throughout the last several centuries, many beverages have been utilized to produce energy to boost the body and its ability, such as tea and coffee. However, the first beverage considered to be an â€Å"energy† drink was Coca-Cola due to the fact that ingredients of the drink included both caffeine and cocaine (Lile). Since the introduction of Coke products in the late 1800’s, products full of sugar and caffeine have been available to the public and have exploded in popularity as customers search for alternative energy sources. Modern energy drinks, such as Red Bull and Monster, have become the newest fad in ways to gain more energy because of the average Americans hectic and fast-paced lifestyle. Many countries across the continents of Europe and Asia began experimenting with different products to make a drink with more caffeine packed into each can or bottle than known before. The first energy drink, Red Bull, was introduced to the United States in 1997 from th e Asian-Pacific country of Thailand and continues to be the caffeinated drink with the most recorded sales. Since then, many other energy beverages have blossomed in popularity throughout America including Monster, Full Throttle, Rockstar and Red Bull. Consuming energy drinks is becoming one of the biggest crazes of the modern day and is likely to continue growing as their short term effects become increasingly sought after. However, as many are started to abuse energy drinks,Show MoreRelatedThe Consumption Of Energy Drinks1538 Words   |  7 Pagesis most Americans have consumed an energy drink or at least know what energy drinks are. Their popularity on the rise energy drinks such as Red Bull and Monster are the hottest-selling component of the beverage industry, but experts in the medical field are warning the population about the possible health hazards they pose and demanding for better regulation. The highest consumers of energy drinks are adolescents and they are mostly l ikely to abuse the consumption of the beverage. With the healthRead MoreThe Consumption Of Energy Drinks Essay1182 Words   |  5 PagesEnergy drinks can be generally characterised as containing caffeine, taurine, glucuronolactone, inositol and a variety of B vitamins, including thiamine, niacin, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, pantothenic acid and riboflavin. Caffeine, taurine and glucuronolactone are regulated as Natural Health Products under Schedule 1 of the NHP Regulations. The product Red Bull exemplifies a typical energy drink, where a single can serving of 250 ml contains 80 mg of caffeine, 1000 mg of taurine, 600 mg of glucuronolactoneRead MoreEnergy Consumption Patterns Of Energy Drinks Essay1563 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract Background: Energy drink consumption has continued to grow and gain popularity since the release of Red Bull (the current leader in the energy drink market) in 1997. While energy drinks are generally targeted to young adult consumers there has been minimum research regarding energy drink consumption patterns in New Zealand. The aim of this study therefore is to determine consumption patterns of energy drinks as well as perceived benefits and side effects amongst students at Ara InstituteRead MoreEnergy Drink Marketing : Marketing And Consumption Of Energy Drinks1140 Words   |  5 Pages ENERGY DRINK MARKETING Introduction Since the turn of the new millennium, there has been a visible trend in the marketing and consumption of energy drinks. The consumption of these energy drinks could be attributed to the viral marketing that has been boosted by social media and created by the wave of synthetic, caffeinated high-energy drinks that are being manufactured. The drinks target the youth market and the athletes. In the past ten years or so, there has been a growth in the uptake of theRead MoreHistory Of Energy Drink Consumption On Australia1632 Words   |  7 Pages1. History of Energy Drink consumption in Australia: An energy drink is a popular non-alcoholic drink that includes caffeine and may contain other ingredients such as taurine and B vitamins, ginseng and guarana. In Australia, a 250ml can of an energy drink contains 80mg of caffeine, which is equivalent to the amount of caffeine in a 250mL cup of instant coffee. Every energy drink sold in Australia must include a list of ingredients on the can or bottle. The labels include nutritional informationRead MoreEffects Of Energy Drink Consumption On All Age Groups Are Real And Impacts1613 Words   |  7 PagesEnglish sources dated 2005 to 2010, energy drinks have become more popular among teenagers and young adults (Rath, 2012). SixWise.com’s (2008) article â€Å"What is really in a hot dog?† provided evidence that just because the product is purchased by the public does not automatically mean it is beneficial long term (Wyrick). This new craze of energy drinks has the world consuming them at a staggering rate. The debates concerning the effects among energy drink consumption in all age groups are real and impactsRead MoreHow Does The Consumption Of A Particular Energy Drink ( Red Bul l ) Affect A Human s Heart Rate2211 Words   |  9 PagesIB Biology Cheyenne Cosman Dr. Sigworth March 28, 2015 Heart Rate IA Research Question How does the consumption of a particular energy drink (Red Bull) affect a human’s heart rate during exercise? Bakground Information The human heart has four chambers: two thin-walled atria, which receive blood, and two thick-walled ventricles, which pump blood. While veins carry blood into the atria, arteries carry blood away from ventricles. The atria and ventricles work collaboratively, alternatingRead MoreCollege Student s Intake Of Energy Drinks Essay877 Words   |  4 PagesOverton, Carpenter-Aeby, and Barber-Heidal (2007) discussed that energy drink consumption has been on the rise since the debut of Red Bull in 1997. There has been no or little research in the consumption of energy drinks among college students in the United States (US). Malinauskas et al. (2007) wanted to define college student’s intake of energy drinks. The study also looked at the occurrence and frequency of energy drink consumption in six situations. The situations that were studied were anyRead MoreDoes Social Workers Improve The Quality Of Life For Clients? Essay1422 Words   |  6 Pagesless dependent on caffeine for e nergy, study is sleeping better, study feels as if mood is not effected, study has found alternative options that are healthier, and more. The strategies implemented to assist author with coping with behavior modification has encouraged her to continue alternating these strategies to eventually cease use of coffee and energy drinks completely. Another strength is the remarkable reduction over time of the use of either coffee or energy drink. Implications of BehaviorRead MoreThe Problem Of Energy Drinks Essay1300 Words   |  6 Pagesawake. Energy drinks have many untested contents within the drink that aren’t tested or regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, deeming it unsafe for consumption. The FDA needs to test the effects of the combined contents of an energy drink and draft regulations so that the public can make more informed decisions about its consumption. Energy drinks have undeniably meshed into the subculture of any US college campus. College students who consume copious amounts of energy drinks claim

English Essay Developing EFL Primary

Question: Describe about the English Essay for Developing EFL Primary. Answer: Literature, literacy, and language acquisition are interrelated aspects of language. In essence, language and literacy learning cannot be separated from literature. In other words, literature plays a fundamental role in the development and sustenance of literacy and also helps in language learning. The definition of the concept literature has undergone changes thus there is no definite definition of the term. However, literature refers to both written and non-written works of art. Similarly, the definition of literacy has also evolved over time as is now defined as the ability to read, write, speak and listen. On the other hand, language acquisition as an intrinsic characteristic of human beings is viewed as the process by which human beings develop and use language. Language acquisition is, therefore, a subconscious process that occurs in childhood (McLaughlin, 2013). The scope of this paper, therefore, will focus on three distinct but interrelated aspects. Firstly, the paper seeks to discuss the role played by literature in learning, secondly, is to offer analysis of the features of the theory of language acquisition and its relationship to learning. Thirdly, is to discuss the role played by home, culture, and context in respect to literacy learning. The Role of Literature in Learning in the Perspective of Society Children's literature play a fundamental role in children's learning within the society. Children's literature which majorly comprises of songs and stories acts as an educational mediator. It is thus essential as it provides children with an opportunity to discover more about themselves, acquaint with the environment, provide answers to various problems and also help in their curiosity (Stone, Silliman, Wallach Ehren, 2016). Additionally, literature shapes a learner's imagination, present new experiences, and ideas as well as enhancing a person's self-confidence. Stubbs (2014) also maintains that children literature is a vital element in the learning process of the primary students. He argues that children literature connects both school and out of school contexts thus sharpening the learner's perspectives about the world as well as instilling values and creating an identity. In addition, literature triggers interpersonal dialogue and facilitate social interaction within a society. For instance, during a storytelling session, the speaker, and the listeners are involved in a communicative exchange where the exchange of ideas and learning take place. Such sessions are said to stimulate the children's imaginations (Abdelhalim, 2015). According to Abdelhalim (2015), stimulation of children's imagination is perceived as a mirror and an essential approach through which children can reflect, acquire insight and gain a better understanding of the world around them. The aspects of a given piece of literary work such as characterization, role playing, themes, and plotting inform a learner's way of thinking. It also helps in the building of personal point of view which is determined by a personal understanding of a given work of art. The role of literature in learning in the context of society does not only aid the understanding of one's culture but also the culture of others (Tabors Patton, 2014). Tabors and Patton termed this as the multicultural literature learning. Usually, literary works set in other social contexts different from one's own helps the learner's to familiarize themselves with other races, cultures, and ethnic groups. Therefore, through literature, learner's get to appreciate culturally diverse backgrounds. Tabor and Patton (2014) also argue that literature varies from one culture to the other hence the only way to create awareness about the aspects of other people's culture is possible through learning. For this reason, learning literature helps in connecting with the past and the present. Children's literature also improves a learner's ability to read. The attractiveness and simplicity nature of children's literature result to increased reading ability, reading rate and reading attitude (Tab ors Patton, 2014). Features of a Language Acquisition Theory and its Relationship to Learning One theory that explains how language is acquired and developed is Chomsky's linguistic theory. According to Chomsky's theory, human beings possess an innate ability to acquire language. The innate ability according to him is a device he terms as Language Acquisition Device (Berwick, Friederici, Chomsky Bolhuis, 2013). He argues that the language acquisition device requires a little exposure to a certain amount of language data to be triggered. Therefore one aspect of language acquisition is that it is a natural process. Another feature of language acquisition postulated by Chomsky is that all children learn the language in a similar way despite their different cultural backgrounds. Additionally, as children are involved in language learning, they tend to combine words in new ways to compose meaningful sentences that they had never heard before. Therefore, children eventually learn the rules of a language and apply them uniquely although they may be inaccurate at first (Owens Jr, 2015). Chomsky's theory applies to all languages due to the common features that majority of language possess. For instance, all languages contain vowels, consonants, verbs and nouns thus it is easy for children to learn the language because they are hard-wired to acquire grammar (Berwick, Friederici, Chomsky Bolhuis, 2013). Chomsky's theory refutes the behaviorist theory that maintains that children learn language through imitation. On the contrary, Chomsky postulates that language learning through imitation alone is impossible because of the irregularity of the language in various contexts. In essence, the innate ability to learn a language explains why a child would successfully learn two languages if adequately exposed to both. In most cases, exposure to two languages, for instance, gives a child an opportunity to learn both and even succeeds in keeping the two linguistic systems separate. It has also been observed that adults are not capable of learning a language in the same natural way that children would. Chomsky's idea about the innateness of ability to learn a language also explains why the inability to hear or organize would not prevent a child from mastering a linguistic system whatsoever. Similarly, it also explains why a child who is mentally deficient to the extent that he/she cannot be ta ught arithmetic can still acquire language (McLaughlin, 2013). Language is only considered completely absent in the lower range of idiocy. The Role Played by Home, Culture, and Context as Part of Literacy Learning A child's first literacy experiences are encountered at home, within the culture and the context. Studies have shown that literacy begins at birth where a lot of learning takes place in home context. Establishment of relationships characterizes literacy learning at this stage and context. The process of literacy learning at home entails social interaction, learning more about the world and enhancement of thinking capacity (Spedding, Harkins, Makin Whiteman, 2010). Spedding and the colleagues also maintain that the process of acquiring literacy competence begins with children and their parents, relatives and close friends activities such as sharing of ideas, stories, singing and even talking together. The early literacy learned skills, behaviors, and concepts by young children are known as emergent literacy. Literacy learning is further enhanced through the frequency of formal or informal children exposure to language and literacy in the context of the home. Culture also affects literacy learning. The popular culture that has been as a result of modernization and globalization facilitates learning literacy for children and learners (Gillen Hall, 2013). Culturally and linguistically diverse learners become successful readers by paying attention to instructional practices that deal with language and culture. Literacy learning becomes more effective when learners engage in literacy activities that include writing and reading children's literature. Additionally, Gillen and Hall (2013) argue that the interaction between people and their cultural environment and with other people encourages literacy learning. Therefore, depending on the socio-cultural perspectives literacy learning cannot be free of context and culture. For this reason, learners from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds experiences about literacy learning are mainly influenced by their parent's cultural beliefs related to literacy practices (Zepeda Castro, 2013) . Various contexts under which a learner is engaged in influences a person's literacy learning. Literacy learning skills are informed by the purposes, relationships and social context within which reading or writing takes place (Riquelme Montero, 2013). When the context is cited as a factor influencing literacy learning it points out to five aspects. That is; the participants, activities involved, settings, domains, and resources. Participants refer to the individuals involved while activities refer to that which the participants do with a text. Settings, on the other hand, refer to the physical location of the participants and domains are the various areas such as the workplace, home or even community. Finally, resources may refer to either knowledge and cognitive skills or tools or materials such as pens, papers, computer or any other object that is useful to complete a given activity (Lederberg, Schick Spencer, 2013). In conclusion, language acquisition, and literacy learning are essential aspects of literature. The three approaches are also very significant for successful learning. In addition, children literature is also critical for early learning in children as it helps in the development of literacy learning. Home, culture, and context also correctively play a vital role in ensuring that children and other learners develop literacy. Therefore, the family, context and the society at large contribute significantly to successful learning. It is thus inarguable that all aspects of literacy development are closely interrelated. References Abdelhalim, S. M. (2015). Children Literature Based Program for Developing EFL Primary Pupils Life Skills and Language Learning Strategies. English Language Teaching, 8(2)178-195. Berwick, R. C., Friederici, A. D., Chomsky, N., Bolhuis, J. J. (2013). Evolution, brain, and the nature of language. Trends in cognitive sciences, 17(2), 89-98. Gillen, J., Hall, N. (2013). The emergence of early childhood literacy. Handbook of Early Childhood Literacy, ed. Nigel Hall, Joanne Larson, andjackie Marsh (Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage, 2003), 1-12. Lederberg, A. R., Schick, B., Spencer, P. E. (2013). Language and literacy development of deaf and hard-of-hearing children: successes and challenges. Developmental psychology, 49(1), 15. McLaughlin, B. (2013). Second language acquisition in childhood: Volume 2: School-age Children. Psychology Press. Owens Jr, R. E. (2015). Language development: An introduction. Pearson. Riquelme, E., Montero, I. (2013). Improving emotional competence through mediated reading: Short term effects of a children's literature program. Mind, Culture, and Activity, 20(3), 226-239. Spedding, S., Harkins, J., Makin, L., Whiteman, P. (2010). Investigating Childrens Early Literacy Learning in Family and Community Contexts. Review of the Related Literature, 1(1). Stone, C. A., Silliman, E. R., Wallach, G. P., Ehren, B. J. (Eds.). (2016). Handbook of language and literacy: Development and disorders. Guilford Publications. Stubbs, M. (2014). Language and Literacy (RLE Linguistics C: Applied Linguistics): The Sociolinguistics of Reading and Writing. Routledge. Tabors, P. O., Patton, O. (2014). One Child, Two Languages: A Guide for Early Childhood Educators of Children Learning English as a Second Language. Education Review. Zepeda, M., Castro, D. (2013). Advancing Early Literacy Learning for All Children: Implications of the NELP Report for Dual-Language Learners. Theoretical Models and Processes of Reading, 978(0-87712), 375.

Employee Happiness and Corporate Financial Performance

Question: Discuss about the Employee Happiness and Corporate Financial Performance. Answer: Introduction To start with, there is no doubt in the fact that no corporation could accomplish its objectives in case if it doesnt hold the suitable set of staff members (Bhatti and Qureshi, 2007). The staff members within an organization greatly decide the companys success. This is the chief reason as to why corporations put in high efforts in selecting employees for their corporations. Many times, knowledge and skills of the staff member is taken into consideration for gauging his outcome within the firm (Wang and Lee, 2009). One aspect, which is being ignored through majority of the corporate owners, is staff satisfaction. Several researches and surveys have highlighted that staff satisfaction performs an essential part in candidates performance (Rizwan et. al., 2013). In case if any corporation wishes to achieve the best from its staff members then it should offer appropriate means for satisfying their requirements and needs. Employee satisfaction is highly important for the success and effectiveness of each and every business or company, regardless of its scope and products it deals in (Burnett and Roger, 2004). A high level of employee satisfaction is directly associated with a lesser turnover rate. As a result, keeping employees contended and satisfied within the company should be seen as a top-most priority of every employer or organization. Employee satisfaction has now become a critical part in successful functioning of organizations across almost work domains in (Burnett and Roger, 2004). And thus, it is highly important to adapt best practices and strategies within the organizational culture (Bhatti and Qureshi, 2007). Further, taking the above discussion this particular paper attempts to provide an insight into the factors influencing employee satisfaction in departmental stores in Australia. Employee satisfaction is extremely vital within a company since it is what productivity and outcome depends greatly on in (Burnett and Roger, 2004). If the staff members are satisfied they would generate superior quality output in best possible time and result in increasing level of profits (Wang and Lee, 2009). Moreover, satisfied employees are more likely to be innovative and creative and produce breakthroughs which make possible for an organization to expand and revolutionize positively with passing time and continuously changing marketplace conditions in (Bhatti and Qureshi, 2007). No corporation could attain its objectives in case if it does not include the correct set of employees and appropriate satisfaction strategies. The employees within an organization greatly decide its success. Therefore, firms put in high efforts in making sure that the employees are satisfied with their assigned tasks and organizational practices (Rizwan et. al., 2013). Many times, knowledge and skill sets of an employee are considered to be gauging his routine in the company in (Burnett and Roger, 2004). A large number of research studies and surveys have highlighted that employee satisfaction performs a pivotal part in performance of the person (Chan et. al., 2000). If a corporation wants its employees to put in their best and maximum efforts then it should make available the best means to fulfil the requirements and needs of its employees (Luthans, 2002). Employee satisfaction is basically the term adopted to illustrate a situation when the employees are contented and satisfied with his/her job and the work surroundings (Wang and Lee, 2009). Employee Satisfaction is of supreme significance in any company be it large or small. Considering that satisfaction of employees is vital only for the employees is not at all correct (Luthans, 2002). It is equally vital for the company for which the employees work as well. There are several factors that affect employees satisfaction at work. Factors affecting employee satisfaction Employee satisfaction is considered as the degree of contentment one has with respect tohis/her job. It's basically the positive emotional connection with the work that functions like a motivational force. Moreover,Job satisfaction is straightaway linked with outcome. Higher the job contentment, greater would be the performance of the staff member (Bhatti and Qureshi, 2007). Diverse staff members hold distinct view related to their job, as a result making job satisfaction forces indefinite. A force, which works for a particular staff member may not work for the other. Nevertheless, there are few commonly recognised forces, which impact job satisfaction that are highlighted in the continuing sections. Individuals feel satisfied in performing the task they enjoy. At the time when individuals having right type of capabilities are placed at correct task, there exist high possibilities that they are contended and satisfied (Wang and Lee, 2009). For example, when an individual is performing a task he does not like, even a small issue could be frustrating and irritating (Bhatti and Qureshi, 2007). However in case if similar issue arises while performing a task he likes, he would see it like a challenge and will consider it like an achievement for overcoming the issue. An individual could remain happy at the time when he could enjoy personal and professional life equally. When stress and workloads begin consuming a person's time for personal life, it would leave them restless and mentally exhausted. At the time when an individual has too many issues in personal life, it has a high affect upon their professional outcome (Wang and Lee, 2009). However, the affect upon personal life because unmanaged work life is even greater. Space for growth and career development Individuals are contended with their present work at the time when they observe opportunities for growth. A number of corporations these days are involved in offering suitable training to their staff members for making them competent of dealing with new and difficult jobs (Rizwan et. al., 2013). Apart from this, several corporations even motivate their staff for acquiring greater abilities and qualifications through assisting them with their educational fees.Higher skills and qualifications offer the chance for promotion or career development and staff members feel contended. Staff members are more contended with the present job in case if they observe a route present for moving up the positions within the corporation and be offered greater accountability and greater compensation (Wang and Lee, 2009). Several corporations motivate staff members to attain more progressive abilities, which would result in the possibility of promotion. When the corporation offers opportunity to the staff members for deciding their functioning hours themselves, they have been found to show higher performance (Rizwan et. al., 2013). Individuals feel contended when they get a chance to function according to their schedule. Efficient managers identify their staff members needs and compliment for their accomplishments and efforts (Wang and Lee, 2009). Employees must also know that their managers are always there for them for discussing any issue they are facing, which is impacting their capability of doing their tasks efficiently and obstructing their contentment at work. Employees satisfaction is affected through staff perceptions regarding the equality of the corporation pay scale along with the present pay the person might be obtaining (Rizwan et. al., 2013). Corporations must hold a means for evaluating staff outcome and providing salary rise to best performers. Opportunities for earning special rewards, like bonuses, vacations or extra paid time off, also result in pleasure and greater job contentment within the workplace (Wang and Lee, 2009). For the reason that staff members spend a good amount of time within their work atmosphere, it is highly vital for corporations to make every possible effort for optimizing working conditions (Rizwan et. al., 2013). These things like offering large work areas instead of confined ones, sufficient lighting as well as relaxed work stations make contribution towards constructive workplace conditions (Wang and Lee, 2009). Offering output tools like advanced information technology for helping staff members in accomplishing tasks more proficiently makes contribution towards job satisfaction also. Moving ahead, apart from these there are several other factors that exist within a company which contribute to the area of employees satisfaction (Chan et. al., 2000). The factors influencing employee satisfaction include: The brand name of company is highly importance to the staff members and it is taken into consideration at the time when satisfaction of an employee is taken into account. The objectives and aims of the company where an employee operates are likely to have an impact on the employee satisfaction in (Burnett and Roger, 2004). Pay and Salary are one among the most vital factors affecting the employee satisfaction. The pay should at all times be with respect to the employees position within the organization. Incentives and penalties are other essential things which influence the satisfaction level of employees in their job. The type of treatment showed by the manager to the employees greatly determines their satisfaction level. Its at all times desired to deal with the staff members in a good way. Functioning methods of the company decide the satisfactory level of the staff members. It is true that each and every company has its own operating methods however some amount of freedom should also be offered to the staff members. It is vital to ensure that the skills and personality of the individuals goes well with the kind of job being assigned to him//her. Expectations of the staff members should also be as per the level of company within which he/she is operating. Benefits of high employee satisfaction A high level of employee satisfaction has significant impact on both the organizations and its employees, which is depicted in the lines below: In light of an organisation: It improves employees retention and the organization does not require training the employees time after time. The overall productivity and effectiveness of the firm is enhanced and it helps in attaining the objectives of the firm. When staff members are satisfied with their assigned tasks and job they handle customers in an improved way and as a result customer satisfaction is attained to great level. It assists the organization in attaining better products and services from its staff members. Funds spent on training of the new applicants and appointment of new applicants could be saved greatly. In light of the employee: When the staff members get satisfactory services and facilities from the organization initially, they tend to believe that alike treatment would be provided to them during long run (Luthans, 2002). Employees begin taking interest in their work rather than worrying about any other concerns. The employees hold a sense of accountability toward the company. They deal with the customers in a better manner and build up strong association with them. They out in every possible effort to generate better results so as to obtain appreciation from their manager and the company (Luthans, 2002). Conclusion To conclude, it can be clearly stated that the management and organization should have a constructive impact on and try their best to support the contentment of, the companys employees in (Burnett and Roger, 2004). Basis for this arent just to benefit the staff members since the organizations also stand to benefit from the employee satisfaction. Within economic surroundings just as the present one, the employers time and again pay no attention to the costs related to discontented staff members, apparently holding the view that these staff members are stuck within their present positions and would bear unpleasant working atmosphere in (Bhatti and Qureshi, 2007). However, this is not the situation. Several reasons for employees discontentment and dissatisfaction are well under the control of company and effective management procedures could make possible for a company to reduce or eliminate, such reasons (Chan et. al., 2000). Further, satisfied employees would operate harder for the or ganization and remain with the company for long, ultimately trimming down the organizations labour costs. References Bhatti, K. K. and Qureshi, T. M. (2007) Impact of employee participation on job satisfaction, employee commitment and employee productivity, International Review of Business Research Papers, Vol. 3, No. 2 Burnett, M. and Roger, J. B. (2004) Employee Satisfaction and Shareholder Returns, Journal of Business and Economic Research, Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 35-42 Chan, K. C., Gee, M. V. and Steiner, T. L. (2000) Employee happiness and corporate financial performance, Financial Practice and Education, Vol. 10, pp. 47-52 Luthans, F. (2002) Positive organizational behaviour: Developing and managing psychological strengths, Academy of Management Executive, Vol. 16, pp. 57-72 Rizwan, M., Jaskani, J. H., Ameen, H., Hussain, S., Farooq, R. U., and Omair, M. (2013) Antecedents of Employee Satisfaction and it?s impact on Job Turnover, International journal of Management Sciences and Business Research, Vol. 2, No. 1, pp. 55-64 Wang, G. and Lee, P.D. (2009) Psychological empowerment and job satisfaction: An analysis of interactive effects, Group Organization Management, Vol. 34, No. 3, pp. 271-96

Catcher in the Rye Symbols Essay Example

Catcher in the Rye Symbols Paper Pencey Prep: Pencey Prep is a boarding school for boys located in Agerstown, Pennsylvania that Holden was attending at the beginning of the novel. It is the fourth school Holden has attended and is later the fourth school he is kicked out of because of his poor marks. Pencey Prep is where the reader is able to get their first glance of Holdens lonesome character, strong opinion of phonies and the fact that he does not apply himself as he fails four out of five classes. At Pencey Prep, the theme of â€Å"alienation as a form of self protection† arises as it becomes clear that Holden can not maintain a close relationship with anybody. Holdens alienation and distance towards others is made clear after he agrees to write an English composition for his roommate, Stradlater. The composition is about a baseball glove that used to belong to his younger brother, Allie who died from leukemia when Holden was only thirteen. After the death Holden never wanted to get close to another person so that he would never have to feel the pain of loosing someone he loved and cared about once again. We will write a custom essay sample on Catcher in the Rye Symbols specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Catcher in the Rye Symbols specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Catcher in the Rye Symbols specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Lastly, at Pencey Prep, we are introduced to another important character, Jane Gallagher; an old friend of Holden that is going on a date with his â€Å"secret slob [and] Year Book handsome† (27) roommate, Stradlater. Before leaving Pencey Prep Holden is too afraid to go say hi to Jane in the lobby, in case she was not the innocent, perfect girl he grew to love in the past. Allie and his Glove: Allie Caulfield is Holdens younger brother who died of leukemia while their family was in Maine on July 18, 1946. Holden was only thirteen at the time of the death and has idealized Allie ever since, describing him as the the most intellectual, admirable and humorous person you could have ever met. From Allies death, the reader is able to witness first hand Holdens â€Å"madman† characteristics. The night after the death Holden spent the night in their garage where he decided to smash all the windows, breaking his hand and earning him a night in the hospital. Claiming that he did it â€Å"just for the hell of it,† (39) although it is easy to see that he did it in a pit of rage over Allies death. Holden was extremely close with Allie as he represented perfectly the pure, uncorrupted innocence of a child that Holden longed for himself. To Holden, it is unfathomable why such an innocent child such as Allie had to suffer and die and that is most likely the root of Holdens problems and negativity towards phonies, growing up and losing innocence. Holdens behavior and social skills underwent a detrimental change following the death as he was no longer capable of maintaining a close relationship with anybody in fear of suffering through another loss. Allie represents the purity that Holden looks for in the world. Ducks in the Central Park Lagoon: Throughout the novel Holden continuously contemplates where the ducks from the Central Park lagoon go in the winter. They are a reoccurring thought for Holden and a major ambiguous symbol to the novel. Holden initially thinks about the ducks, wondering where they go when the lagoon freezes over in the winter while talking to Mr. Spencer after being kicked out of Pencey. At this moment the ducks become an immediate symbol of Holdens anxiety and uncertainty regarding his next move after being kicked from Pencey. Much like the ducks who are repeatedly kicked from their home at the lagoon, Holden was kicked from Pencey Prep and had no plan and no where to go. Not having a clear answer to his question, Holden continues to wonder what happens to the ducks in the winter time. Holden later asks cab driver what he thought happened to the ducks, but the cab driver disregards the question and explains that the fish have it harder as they freeze in the ice and â€Å"get frozen right in one position for the whole winter,† (82) and as for food, their nature is to soak up nutrients from seaweed in their pores, therefore nature takes care of them during the winter. In this case the ducks are symbolic as they represent Holden as he is being forced to move; however, Holden would much rather be like the fish who get to stay where they are and have everything provided for them like children. This mirrors the common theme of the novel and Holdens attitude towards growing up and wanting to stay an innocent child. Finally, Holden thinks about the ducks for the last time when he is drunk and decides to go look for the ducks at the lagoon. At this point, Holden is in his worst state; he is depressed, anxious and even contemplating suicide. Seeing that they are truly not at the lagoon Holden realizes that he must migrate away from his childhood and fly into adulthood. Over all Holden wants to know where the ducks go because he wants to know where to go when times are tough and things do not belong. Phoebe: Phoebe Caulfield is Holdens â€Å"roller-skate skinny† (67), red headed little sister. To Holden, Phoebe is more like a saint then a sister; describing her as the most beautiful, angelic, intelligent, mature and affectionate little girl you could ever meet. Holden also explains that she is very funny and has a good sense of humor, is a great dancer, listens and always knows what you are talking about. Despite the fact that Holden admits to being â€Å"THE MOST terrific liar you ever saw in your life,† (16) there is no doubt that he is telling the truth about Phoebe as she is everything Holden said she would be. Phoebe is one of the few characters to truly understands Holden for who he is and the struggles he faces on a daily basis. She unconditionally loves Holden and would do anything to help Holden such as giving him her Christmas money. In the end Phoebe is exactly the kind of person Holden has been â€Å"people hunting† for. He wanted to find someone to love and to love him back and was blindsided by the inevitability of growing up to see that what he was hunting for was right under his nose the whole time. http://www. sparknotes. com/lit/catcher/characters. html http://www. shmoop. com/catcher-in-the-rye/symbolism-imagery. html

Meaning of the French Expression Le cinq àsept

Meaning of the French Expression Le cinq sept The informal expression le cinq sept refers to what could be considered a very French version of Happy Hour: the two-hour period after work, from 5 to 7 pm, when (some) people meet up with their lovers before going home to their spouses. Translation: an afternoon tryst. The reality of le cinq sept was openly acknowledged for perhaps the first time in Franà §oise Sagans 1967 novel La Chamade. Just for fun, I had my husband ask his students (aged 40 and up) about it, and they all said they were very familiar with le cinq sept, with one exception. The youngest said she didnt know it, then added a caveat: Mais je viens de me marier, alors qui sait ce qui va se passer dans vingt ans. Incidentally, the French translation of tryst is un rendez-vous galant - further proof that everything sounds better in French. Well almost: for happy hour, the correct translation is heure du cocktail or heure de lapà ©ritif, but instead they usually stick with appy hour. Different in Canada In Quà ©bec, le cinq sept has nothing to do with sex. It refers to a group of friends meeting up to have a drink after work, or before an evening outing to a play or some other entertainment. In this sense, le cinq sept might be translated by happy hour or, if it doesnt include alcohol, just something generic like afternoon get-together or rendez-vous. Source Sagan, Francoise. La Chamade. French Edition,  Pocket, 1990.

Muslim womens dress Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Muslim womens dress - Essay Example Based on their writings, it is possible to argue that the Niqab and Hijab were incorporated into the Islamic code due to exceptional and temporal circumstances; and that their continued usage in modern times is subject to the demands of changed sensibilities. The following passages will offer evidence from the readings in support of this thesis. In the reading titled Is Wearing the Niqab Obligatory for Women, author Yusuf al-Qaradawi gives copious examples from the sacred texts to suggest that the covering of face is not part of the original holy decree. He argues that in the early years of Islams assimilation into Arabic society, there are numerous references to men being attracted and fixated by a womans beauty and these occurrences would not have been documented had womens faces been obstructed by a Niqab. Complementing the inference of this observation is the fact that in a predominantly trade-oriented society at the time of Islams origins, it would be a big encumbrance for women to carry out everyday tasks such as receiving and giving merchandise, receiving and giving money, etc, if their hand was covered by clothing. Furthermore, although a womans hand is considered to be an aspect of her beauty, there is no consensus as to whether it is classified as an awra. For example, from the following translation of ShÄ «rÄ  zÄ «, the ShÄ fiÊ ¿Ã„ « author of the Muhadhdhab, we learn that â€Å"As for a free women, all her body is her Ê ¿awra, apart from her face and hands—NawawÄ « states, up to the wrists—because of the verse, (and let them not display their beauty (zÄ «na) except what [usually] appears of it).9 Ibn Ê ¿AbbÄ s states that [what is excepted] refers to her face and her hands,10 because the Prophet r prohibited women in the state of iá ¸ ¥rÄ m11 from wearing a niqÄ b and gloves.12 If the face and hands were part of the Ê ¿awra, it would not have been impermissible (á ¸ ¥arÄ m) to cover them, and [in addition,